Avaliação da validade do Global Entrepreneurship Index
DOI:
10.14211/ibjesb.e2050Palavras-chave:
Sistema Nacional de Empreendedorismo. Ecossistema de Empreendedorismo. Índice compostoResumo
Objetivo: avaliar se o Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) é uma metodologia válida para mensurar os sistemas nacionais de empreendedorismo. Método: modelagem de equações estruturais, com a utilização do software SmartPLS 3.0, a fim de mensurar o modelo formativo do GEI, e verificar a validade convergente dos construtos, a colinearidade dos indicadores e sua relevância para o empreendedorismo. Originalidade/Relevância: ainda que o GEI se baseie nas recomendações da OCDE para a construção de indicadores compostos (índices), nenhum estudo (nem mesmo elaborado pelos desenvolvedores do GEI) foi encontrado sobre a validade do índice como metodologia de mensuração do empreendedorismo. Resultados: os subíndices e os indicadores analisados se mostraram adequados para mensurar o empreendedorismo, embora haja a necessidade de substituir os componentes de nível micro dos indicadores “opportunity perception” e “networking”, tendo em vista os resultados distorcidos apresentados do que se entende como empreendedorismo produtivo. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: as principais contribuições deste estudo estão direcionadas aos desenvolvedores de indicadores, pois é sugerido o uso de componentes capazes de capturar aspectos associados ao empreendedorismo de alto impacto e de base tecnológica, em vez da criação de um novo negócio. Isso se dá porque componentes genéricos fornecem resultados míopes sobre o estado do empreendedorismo, prejudicando, assim, estudos comparativos em nível de país.
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