Estratégias procíclicas e anticíclicas no desempenho de MPMes em contexto de crise: Um estudo a partir da pandemia do COVID-19
DOI:
10.14211/regepe.esbj.e2311Palavras-chave:
Crise, Desempenho, Pequena e Média Empresa, COVID-19Resumo
Objetivo: Investigar o impacto de estratégias procíclicas e anticíclicas no desempenho de MPMEs no contexto da crise de Covid-19. Método/Abordagem: quantitativo, amostral, com 118 micro, pequenas e médias empresas de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Utilizou-se o aporte de análise da correlação de spearman e análise de regressão linear múltipla. Principais Resultados: no período dominado pela pandemia (2020/2021), as estratégias anticíclicas apresentaram desempenho superior àquelas que utilizam estratégias procíclicas. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Embora a literatura explore as estratégias procíclicas, estudos que associam a influência de estratégias procíclicas e anticíclicas ao desempenho organizacional ainda são raros. Esta lacuna é ainda mais evidente quando são consideradas MPMEs em contextos de crise. Ao associar dimensões ainda novas, como recursos humanos, marketing e produção, entre outras, este artigo ajuda a preencher lacunas associadas, ainda hoje, à falta de trabalhos que busquem modelos integrados capazes de melhor compreender o impacto das crises, como o COVID-19. Relevância/Originalidade: o artigo inova ao associar, no contexto da literatura sobre crise, os dois tipos de estratégias (anticíclica e procíclica), na elaboração e teste de um modelo analítico integrado, composto de diferentes variáveis, e passível de ser utilizado não apenas em novas pesquisas como, também, no contexto empresarial. Contribuições sociais/de gestão: ao demonstrar que cortes de investimentos em marketing e outras áreas produzem efeitos adversos no desempenho, e que as organizações se beneficiam ao manter funcionários em vez de demiti-los, este estudo lança luz sobre a relevância de estratégias anticíclicas, que ainda precisam ser melhor exploradas.
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