Enseñanzas de emprendimiento: Un estudio sobre buenas prácticas y antecedentes de los docentes brasileños
DOI:
10.14211/ibjesb.e2133Palabras clave:
Educación emprendedora, Emprendimiento, Carrera docente, Prácticas pedagógicas, Antecedentes profissionales de los maestrosResumen
Objetivo del estudio: conocer prácticas concretas de la enseñanza del emprendimiento y los antecedentes en la formación de los docentes, a fin de llenar los espacios en blanco observados en la literatura sobre el asunto. Metodología: recolección de datos de profesores de emprendimiento reconocidos por su práctica en clase (seleccionados por el procedimiento snowball), por medio de 10 entrevistas semiestructuradas y en profundidad, examinadas por medio de la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados principales: identificación de 30 buenas prácticas, categorizadas conforme sus énfasis y las respectivas bases, destacadas aquí entre paréntesis. Son ellas: (a) aprendizaje (proyectos), (b) aprendizaje (problemas), (c) ejercicios reflexivos, (d) expositiva (casos), (e) expositiva (emprendedores invitados), e (f) expositiva (debates y quizzes). Tras el detallando de las actividades, fueron presentadas, de forma complementar, hallazgos sobre las experiencias de los docentes, como la vivencia emprendedora, experiencias profesionales e internacionales, corroborando la literatura existente acerca del tema. Aportes teóricos: por presentar fronteras, en términos de enfoques en clase, las buenas prácticas contribuyen para la literatura, pues fortalecen los argumentos favorables a los modelos experienciales, y a los basados en proyectos o problemas. Además, los resultados confirman lo que la literatura apunta con relación a las experiencias previas en la formación de docentes de emprendimiento. Originalidad: este artículo presenta un análisis profundo sobre buenas prácticas en la enseñanza de emprendimiento, algo anteriormente señalado de modo superficial y genérico (Gedeon, 2014). Contribuciones sociales: los resultados permiten la apropiación por parte de los profesores de emprendimiento, quienes encuentran, en este artículo, una amplia gama de prácticas detalladas para ser replicadas en otros contextos.
Clasificación JEL: L23, I23, I28 e I25
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