Ensino de empreendedorismo: Um estudo sobre boas práticas e antecedentes de professores brasileiros

Autores

  • Artur Tavares Vilas Boas Ribeiro artur.tavr@gmail.com
    Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo (Poli-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0951-7191
  • Cesar Alves Ferragi ferragi@gmail.com
    Departamento de Geografia, Turismo e Humanidades, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DGTH-So UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-500X
  • Maria Angelica do Carmo Zanotto angelicazanotto@ufscar.br
    Coordenadoria de Inovações Pedagógicas e Formativas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, (SEaD-UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brasil
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-6354
  • André Coimbra Felix Cardoso ancfelix@ufscar.br
    Departamento de Administração, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DAdm-UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brasil

DOI:

10.14211/ibjesb.e2133

Palavras-chave:

Ensino de empreendedorismo, Empreendedorismo, Carreira docente, Práticas pedagógicas, Antecedentes da formação de professores

Resumo

Objetivo: conhecer práticas concretas do ensino de empreendedorismo e os antecedentes na formação de professores, a fim de preencher lacunas observadas na literatura sobre o assunto. Método: coleta de dados de professores de empreendedorismo reconhecidos por sua prática em sala de aula (selecionados pelo procedimento snowball), por meio de 10 entrevistas semiestruturadas e em profundidade, examinadas pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: identificação de 30 boas práticas, categorizadas conforme suas ênfases e as respectivas bases, destacadas aqui entre parênteses. São elas: (a) aprendizagem (projetos), (b) aprendizagem (problemas), (c) exercícios reflexivos, (d) expositiva (casos), (e) expositiva (empreendedores convidados), e (f) expositiva (debates e quizzes). Após o detalhamento das atividades, foram apresentadas, de forma complementar, descobertas sobre os antecedentes dos professores, como a vivência empreendedora, as experiências profissional e internacional, corroborando a literatura existente acerca do tema. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: por apresentar fronteiras, em termos das abordagens em sala de aula, as boas práticas contribuem para a literatura, pois fortalecem os argumentos favoráveis aos modelos vivenciais, e aos baseados em projetos ou problemas. Além disso, os resultados confirmam o que aponta a literatura em relação aos antecedentes na formação de professores de empreendedorismo. Originalidade: este artigo apresenta uma análise aprofundada sobre boas práticas no ensino de empreendedorismo, algo antes apontado de modo superficial e genérico (Gedeon, 2014). Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: os resultados permitem a apropriação e a replicação, em outros contextos, por parte de professores de empreendedorismo, do amplo espectro das práticas aqui elencadas.

Classificação JEL: L23, I23, I28 e I25

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Artur Tavares Vilas Boas Ribeiro, Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo (Poli-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil

é professor na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), atuando no departamento de Engenharia de Produção da Escola Politécnica da USP. É mestre e doutor pela Faculdade de Economia e Administração da USP (FEA-USP). Suas áreas de interesse incluem Empreendedorismo, Educação, Universidades e Ecossistemas de Empreendedorismo. Seus artigos vêm sendo publicado em revistas como Education + Training, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management e Journal of Studies in International Education.

Cesar Alves Ferragi, Departamento de Geografia, Turismo e Humanidades, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DGTH-So UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brasil

é professor adjunto de empreendedorismo, gestão e marketing turístico no departamento de geografia, turismo e humanidades da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), campus Sorocaba. Possui doutorado e mestrado em administração pública pela International Christian University (ICU), localizada em Tóquio, Japão, e graduação pela Escola de Administração de Empresas da Fundação Getulio Vargas (EAESP-FGV). Suas áreas de interesse incluem Psicanálise, Inovação, Construcionismo Social, Empreendedorismo, Turismo, Educação Internacional, Ásia, América Latina e Segurança Pública. Seus artigos vem sendo publicado em revistas como Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Manual SAGE de Práticas de Construcionismo Social e Revista Brasileira de Segurança Pública.

Maria Angelica do Carmo Zanotto, Coordenadoria de Inovações Pedagógicas e Formativas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, (SEaD-UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brasil

é técnica nível superior da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, na Secretaria Geral de Educação a Distância, onde é coordenadora na Coordenadoria de Inovações Pedagógicas e Formativas. Possui pós doutorado, doutorado e mestrado pela UFSCar, na área de Educação. Concluiu especialização em Gestão da Inovação Tecnológica (MBI UFSCar). Focos de investigação e atuação: educação em engenharia, inovação em educação, planejamento pedagógico em EaD, ensino híbrido, tecnologias de informação e comunicação para a educação, teorias da aprendizagem. Possui artigos publicados em revistas e congressos na área de Educação.

André Coimbra Felix Cardoso, Departamento de Administração, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (DAdm-UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brasil

é professor associado de Administração Estratégica e Empreendedorismo no Departamento de Administração da UFSCar Sorocaba (DAdm-So). Possui doutorado pela FEA-USP, mestrado pela UFSC e Graduação pela UFSC. Suas áreas de interesse incluem Inovação, Empreendedorismo, Gestão Estratégica e Sustentabilidade nos Negócios. Seus artigos vem sendo publicados em revistas como Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Revista de Administração da UFSM e Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental.

Referências

Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314-324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195

Alves, A. C., Fischer, B., Schaeffer, P. R., & Queiroz, S. (2019). Determinants of student entrepreneurship. Innovation & Management Review, 16(2), 96-117. https://doi.org/10.1108/INMR-02-2018-0002.

Atkinson, R., & Flint, J. (2001). Accessing hidden and hard-to-reach populations: Snowball research strategies. Social Research Update, 33(1), 1-4. https://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU33.PDF

Bae, T. J., Qian, S., Miao, C., & Fiet, J. O. (2014). The relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: A meta–analytic review. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 38(2), 217-254. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fetap.12095

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191

Bin, A., Gavira, M., Figueira O., J. B., de Carvalho, T. M. B., Salles-Filho, S. L. M., & Colugnati, F. A. B. (2018). Profile of academic entrepreneurship in Brazil: Evidence from the evaluation of former holders of undergraduate research, master and PhD scholarships. Innovation & Management Review, 15(4), 394-415. https://www.revistas.usp.br/rai/article/view/153105

Blank, S. (2005). The four steps to the epiphany: successful strategies for products that win. California: John Wiley & Sons.

Bosma, N., Sanders, M., & Stam, E. (2018). Institutions, entrepreneurship, and economic growth in Europe. Small Business Economics, 51(2), 483-499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0012-x

Breznitz, S. M., & Zhang, Q. (2020). Determinants of graduates’ entrepreneurial activity. Small Business Economics, 55(4), 1039-1056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00171-8

Caregnato, R. C. A., & Mutti, R. (2006). Pesquisa qualitativa: análise de discurso versus análise de conteúdo. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem, 15(4), 679-684. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072006000400017

Celuch, K., Bourdeau, B., & Winkel, D. (2017). Entrepreneurial identity: The missing link for entrepreneurship education. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 20(2), 1-20. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/entrepreneurial-identity-the-missing-link-for-entrepreneurship-education-6657.html

Chen, Y. S., Watson, E., Cornacchione, E., & Azevedo, R. F. L. (2013). “Flying High, Landing Soft”: An Innovative Entrepreneurial Curriculum for Chinese SMEs Going Abroad. Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 122-143. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCE-10-2012-0025

Cooper, S., Bottomley, C., & Gordon, J. (2004). Stepping out of the classroom and up the ladder of learning: An experiential learning approach to entrepreneurship education. Industry and Higher education, 18(1), 11-22. http://doi.org/10.5367/000000004773040924

Dal-Soto, F., de Souza, Y., & Benner, M. (2021). The Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Transformation of Universities. Brazilian Business Review,18(3), 255-277 https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2021.18.3.2

Dantas, A. (2016). Análise de conteúdo: Um caso de aplicação ao estudo dos valores e representações sociais (pp. 261-286). In M. Lisboa (Ed.), Metodologias de investigação sociológica: problemas e soluções a partir de estudos empíricos. Ribeirão, Portugal: Edições Húmus. https://research.unl.pt/ws/portalfiles/portal/3309477/Ana_Roque_Dantas_analiseconteudo_metodologias.pdf

Diegoli, R. B., Gutierrez, H. S. M., & Salmones, M. M. G. (2018). Teachers as entrepreneurial role models the impact of a teacher's entrepreneurial experience and student learning styles in entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 21(1), 1-11. https://repositorio.unican.es/xmlui/handle/10902/13731

Dominik, M. T., & Banerji, D. (2018). US community college entrepreneurship educator practices. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(2), 228-242. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-06-2018-0174

Edwards, A. L. (1953). The relationship between the judged desirability of a trait and the probability that the trait will be endorsed. Journal of Applied Psychology, 37(2), 90-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0058073

Etzkowitz, H. (2013). StartX and the ‘Paradox of Success’: Filling the gap in Stanford’s entrepreneurial culture. Social Science Information, 52(4), 605-627. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018413498833

Fayolle, A. (2013). Personal views on the future of entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 25(7-8), 692-701, http://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2013.821318

Fayolle, A., & Gailly, B. (2015). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes and intention: Hysteresis and persistence. Journal of small business management, 53(1), 75-93. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12065

Fellnhofer, K. (2019). Toward a taxonomy of entrepreneurship education research literature: A bibliometric mapping and visualization. Educational Research Review, 27, 28-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.10.002

Ferrandiz, J., Fidel, P., & Conchado, A. (2018). Promoting entrepreneurial intention through a higher education program integrated in an entrepreneurship ecosystem. International Journal of Innovation Science, 10(1), 6-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijis-09-2017-0089

Fiet, J. O. (2001). The pedagogical side of entrepreneurship theory. Journal of business venturing, 16(2), 101-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00042-7

Furman, N., & Sibthorp, J. (2013). Leveraging experiential learning techniques for transfer. New directions for adult and continuing education, (137), 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.20041

Gedeon, S. A. (2014). Application of best practices in university entrepreneurship education. European Journal of Training and Development, 38(3), 231-253. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-05-2013-0058

Gentry, J. W. (1990). What is experiential learning? (pp. 9-12). In Guide to business gaming and experiential learning. Association for Business Simulation and Experiential Learning (ABSEL). New York: Nichols Pub Co. https://wmich.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/u5/2013/WHAT%20IS%20EXPERIENTIAL%20%20LEARNING%3F%20%20.pdf

Gorgievski, M. J., Stephan, U., Laguna, M., & Moriano, J. A. (2018). Predicting entrepreneurial career intentions: values and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of career assessment, 26(3), 457-475. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072717714541

Guerrero, M., Urbano, D., Fayolle, A., Klofsten, M., & Mian, S. (2016). Entrepreneurial universities: emerging models in the new social and economic landscape. Small Business Economics, 47(3), 551-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9755-4

Hägg, G., & Gabrielsson, J. (2019). A systematic literature review of the evolution of pedagogy in entrepreneurial education research. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(5), 829-861. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2018-0272

Hannon, P. D. (2006). Teaching pigeons to dance: sense and meaning in entrepreneurship education. Education+ Training, 48(5), pp. 296-308. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910610677018

Hannon, P. D. (2018). On becoming and being an entrepreneurship educator: a personal reflection. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 30(7-8), 698-721, https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2018.1464259

Henry, C. (2020). Reconceptualizing the role of the future entrepreneurship educator: an exploration of the content challenge. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 32(9-10), 657-676. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2020.1737416

Huq, A., & Gilbert, D. (2017). All the world’s a stage: transforming entrepreneurship education through design thinking. Education+Training, 59(2), 155-170. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-12-2015-0111

Ikeda, A. A. (2009). Considerações sobre pesquisa qualitativa em administração. REGE Revista de Gestão, 16(3), 49-64. https://doi.org/10.5700/issn.2177-8736.rege.2009.36677

Ilonen, S. (2021). Creating an entrepreneurial learning environment for entrepreneurship education in HE: The educator’s perspective. Industry and Higher Education, 35(4), 518-530. https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222211020637

Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education: A study of Iranian students' entrepreneurial intentions and opportunity identification. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(1), 187-209. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12137

Kerr, S. P., Kerr, W. R., & Xu, T. (2017). Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs: A Review of Recent Literature. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.3386/w24097

Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson FT Press.

Lackéus, M., Lundqvist, M. and Middleton, K.W. (2016), "Bridging the traditional progressive education rift through entrepreneurship", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, Vol. 22 No. 6, pp.777-803. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2016-0072

Lin, J., & Nabergoj, A. S. (2014). A resource-based view of entrepreneurial creativity and its Implication in entrepreneurship education. Economic and Business Review, 6(2), 163-183. http://ojs.ebrjournal.net/ojs/index.php/ebr/article/view/268/pdf_7

Linton, G., & Klinton, M. (2019). University entrepreneurship education: a design thinking approach to learning. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-018-0098-z

Lopes, R., & Lima, E. (2019). Desafios atuais e caminhos promissores para a pesquisa em empreendedorismo. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 59(4), 284-292. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020190406

Mandel, R., & Noyes, E. (2016). Survey of experiential entrepreneurship education offerings among top undergraduate entrepreneurship programs. Education + Training, 58(2)2, 164-178. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-06-2014-0067

Maresch, D., Harms, R., Kailer, N., & Wimmer-Wurm, B. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of students in science and engineering versus business studies university programs. Technological forecasting and social change, 104, 172-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.11.006

Martin, B. C., McNally, J. J., & Kay, M. J. (2013). Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes. Journal of business venturing, 28(2), 211-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.03.002

McNally, J., Honig, B., & Martin, B. (2018). A Preliminary Exploration of the Development of Wisdom in Entrepreneurship Education. Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas, 7(1), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.14211/regepe.v7i1.797

Mills, J. E., & Treagust, D. F. (2003). Engineering education – Is problem-based or project-based learning the answer. Australasian journal of engineering education, 3(2), 2-16. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/aeipt.132462

Morris, M. H., Shirokova, G., & Tsukanova, T. (2017). Student entrepreneurship and the university ecosystem: A multi-country empirical exploration. European Journal of International Management, 11(1), 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2017.081251

Nabi, G., & Liñán, F. (2011). Graduate entrepreneurship in the developing world: intentions, education and development. Education+ Training, 53(5), 325-334. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911111147668

Nabi, G., Liñán, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N., & Walmsley, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurship education in higher education: A systematic review and research agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 16(2), 277-299. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2015.0026

Nabi, G., Walmsley, A., Liñán, F., Akhtar, I., & Neame, C. (2018). Does entrepreneurship education in the first year of higher education develop entrepreneurial intentions? The role of learning and inspiration. Studies in Higher Education, 43(3), 452-467. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2016.1177716

Neck, H. M., & Corbett, A. C. (2018). The scholarship of teaching and learning entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 1(1), 8-41.

Noyes, E. (2018). Teaching entrepreneurial action through prototyping: The prototype-it challenge. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 1(1), 118-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515127417737289

Oosterbeek, H., Van Praag, M., & Ijsselstein, A. (2010). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship skills and motivation. European economic review, 54(3), 442-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2009.08.002

Politis, D. (2005). The process of entrepreneurial learning: A conceptual framework. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 29(4), 399-424.

Rasmussen, E., & Wright, M. (2015). How can universities facilitate academic spin-offs? An entrepreneurial competency perspective. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 40(5), 782-799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-014-9386-3

Ribeiro, A. T. V. B., & Plonski, G. A. (2020). Educação Empreendedora: o que dizem os artigos mais relevantes? Proposição de uma revisão de literatura e panorama de pesquisa. Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas, 9(1), 10-41. https://doi.org/10.14211/regepe.v9i1.1633

Rideout, E. C., & Gray, D. O. (2013). Does entrepreneurship education really work? A review and methodological critique of the empirical literature on the effects of university‐based entrepreneurship education. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 329-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12021

Rocha, E. L. D. C., & Freitas, A. A. F. (2014). Avaliação do ensino de empreendedorismo entre estudantes universitários por meio do perfil empreendedor. Revista de Administração contemporânea, 18(4), 465-486. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-7849rac20141512

Ruskovaara, E., & Pihkala, T. (2013). Teachers implementing entrepreneurship education: classroom practices. Education+ Training, 55(2), 204-216. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911311304832

Sarasvathy, S. (2001). Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 243-263. https://doi.org/10.2307/259121

Schmidt, H. G., Rotgans, J. I., & Yew, E. H. (2011). The process of problem‐based learning: what works and why. Medical education, 45(8), 792-806. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04035.x

Seelig, T. (2009). What I wish I knew when I was 20. Pymble, NSW; New York: HarperCollins E-books.

Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review, 25(1), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.2307/259271

Shirokova, G., Tsukanova, T., & Morris, M. H. (2018). The moderating role of national culture in the relationship between university entrepreneurship offerings and student start‐up activity: an embeddedness perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 56(1), 103-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12363

Silva, J. F., & Patrus, R. (2017). The “ABC” of Entrepreneurship Education: A Literature Review about Methods and Practices of Entrepreneurial Education. Iberoamerican Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 6(2), 372-401. https://doi.org/10.14211/regepe.v6i2.563

Solomon, G. (2007). An examination of entrepreneurship education in the United States. Journal of small business and enterprise development, 14(2), 168-182. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000710746637

Taatila, V. P. (2010). Learning entrepreneurship in higher education. Education+Training, 52(1), 48-61. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911011017672

Urbano, D., Aparicio, S., & Audretsch, D. (2019). Twenty-five years of research on institutions, entrepreneurship, and economic growth: what has been learned? Small Business Economics, 53(1), 21-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0038-0

Urbano, D., Aparicio, S., Guerrero, M., Noguera, M., & Torrent-Sellens, J. (2017). Institutional determinants of student employer entrepreneurs at Catalan universities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 271-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.06.021

Weaver, M., Dickson, P., & Solomon, G. (2006). Entrepreneurship and education: what is known and not known about the links between education and entrepreneurial activity (pp. 113-156). The small business economy: A report to the president. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/sb_econ2006.pdf

Westhead, P., & Solesvik, M. Z. (2016). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention: Do female students benefit? International Small Business Journal, 34(8), 979-1003. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242615612534

Wright, M., Siegel, D. S., & Mustar, P. (2017). An emerging ecosystem for student start-ups. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(4), 909-922. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-017-9558-z

Zancul, E. D. S., Sousa-Zomer, T. T., & Cauchick-Miguel, P. A. (2017). Project-based learning approach: improvements of an undergraduate course in new product development. Production, 27(SPE). http://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.225216

Zhou, M., & Xu, H. (2012). A review of entrepreneurship education for college students in China. Administrative Sciences, 2(1), 82-98. http://doi.org/10.3390/admsci2010082

Publicado

16-11-2022

Métricas


Visualizações do artigo: 797     PDF downloads: 244 PDF (English) downloads: 122

Como Citar

Ribeiro, A. T. V. B., Ferragi, C. A., Zanotto, M. A. do C., & Cardoso, A. C. F. (2022). Ensino de empreendedorismo: Um estudo sobre boas práticas e antecedentes de professores brasileiros. REGEPE Entrepreneurship and Small Business Journal, 11(3), e2133. https://doi.org/10.14211/ibjesb.e2133

Edição

Seção

Artigo de pesquisa (Teórico-empírico)

Artigos Semelhantes

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

Você também pode iniciar uma pesquisa avançada por similaridade para este artigo.